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We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. I'd been a rescue worker all my life but I'd never experienced anything that huge before. [42], In February 2005, the Royal Navy vessel HMSScott surveyed the seabed around the earthquake zone, which varies in depth between 1,000 and 5,000m (550 and 2,730 fathoms; 3,300 and 16,400ft). On 28 September this year, he again found himself at the centre of a disaster this time in Palu. [103], Relief agencies reported that one third of the dead appeared to be children. [168], According to USAID, the US has pledged additional funds in long-term U.S. support to help the tsunami victims rebuild their lives. Although the country's western Andaman Sea coastline lies at the proximity of the rupture zone, there were smaller tsunamis than the neighbouring Thai coast, because the main tsunami source did not extend to the Andaman Islands. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. At 08:00, I heard my wooden bedroom windows were shaking. How many kids died in the 2004 tsunami? When I woke up again around 10:00, I took my family out for breakfast before I received a phone call from the hospital calling me in for an emergency. I was about to go out looking for him but then the hospital contacted me. On Karon Beach, Kamala Beach and Kata Beach, the tsunami came in like a surging flood inland carrying people and cars. Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004, tsunami that hit the coasts of several countries of South and Southeast Asia in December 2004. The India Plate sinks deeper and deeper beneath the Burma Plate until the increasing temperature and pressure drive volatiles out of the subducting plate. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. [77] Moreover, the largest death toll occurred at Khao Lak, with about 5,000 people killed. I went back down after the second wave retreated. In Campbell Bay of Great Nicobar Island, the tsunami waves hit the area three times with an inundation limit of 250500m (8201,640ft). As I sat there, I felt the earthquake at around 08:00. Mara Beln (born May 12, 1966) is a Spanish physician and motivational speaker, known for surviving the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami when she was on vacation in Thailand with her husband Enrique (Quique) lvarez and three sons Lucas, Simn and Toms. Preliminary estimates indicated that 66% of the fishing fleet and industrial infrastructure in coastal regions were destroyed by the wave surges. Luckily, it came up to street level and stopped. [148], Many health professionals and aid workers have reported widespread psychological trauma associated with the tsunami. The Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004 lasted for seven hours and reached out across the Indian Ocean, devastating coastal areas of Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, Maldives, and Thailand, and as far away as East Africa. [93], Interviews with local people indicate that they did not feel the earthquake in Taninthayi Division or Ayeyarwaddy Delta. [157] On further investigation, the India government learned that the consulting company Terra Research was run from the home of a self-described earthquake forecaster who had no telephone listing and maintained a website where he sold copies of his detection system. Most of the victims were reported along the low-lying Xaafuun Peninsula. Waves of up to 30 metres were recorded as the tsunami swept through Aceh, the hardest hit region of Indonesia. [46], The tsunami, like all others, behaved differently in deep water than in shallow water. Perhaps the most destructive tsunami in recorded history was the Indian Ocean Tsunami of 2004. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [157] The announcement was a false alarm, and the Home Affairs minister withdrew their announcement. A person will be just swept up in it and carried along as debris; theres no swimming out of a tsunami, Garrison-Laney says. The highest-recorded tsunami run-up was measured 19.6m (64ft) at Ban Thung Dap, on the south-west tip of Ko Phra Thong Island and the second-highest at 15.8m (52ft) at Ban Nam Kim. Furthermore, at the coastal town of Kanyakumari, the seabed was exposed briefly before a large wall of water can be seen on the horizon and subsequently flooding the town. 2004 tsunami Tsunami inundation at Khao Lak; the resort area is in the middle . It displaced the North Pole by 25mm (0.98in). According to interviews, the second wave was the largest. The magnitude 8.7 2005 NiasSimeulue earthquake, which originated off the coast of the Sumatran island of Nias, is not considered an aftershock, despite its proximity to the epicentre, and was most likely triggered by stress changes associated with the 2004 event. Being rich in coral reefs, the Maldives provides an opportunity for scientists to assess the impact of a tsunami on coral atolls. The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake came just three days after a magnitude 8.1 earthquake in the sub-antarctic Auckland Islands, an uninhabited region west of New Zealand, and Macquarie Island to Australia's north. The southernmost district of Thiruvananthapuram, however, escaped damage, possibly due to the wide turn of the diffracted waves at the peninsular tip. The Phi Phi Islands are a group of small islands that were affected by the tsunami. Given that over 51,000 vessels were lost to the tsunami, the industry boomed. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. What is causing the plague in Thebes and how can it be fixed? [76] Amateur camcorder footage taken by Israeli tourists showed the tsunami advancing inland suddenly as a small flood, gradually becoming more powerful and engulfing the whole beach and resort, with the tsunami carrying a yacht out to sea. An unusually high number of the victims appear to have been children, lost to epic waves that swept away the weak, the old and the young. Survival, at this point, is a matter of luck. [44] These satellites carry radars that measure precisely the height of the water surface; anomalies in the order of 500mm (20in) were measured. It was 3:00 p.m. on Christmas day, 2004 when Stuart Weinstein's pager buzzed in the operations room at the Pacific Tsunami . While the overall impact on the national economies was minor, local economies were devastated. My son's three friends told me he was missing. The tsunami surprised many tourists at Koh Racha Yai, where it flooded the resorts. In addition, the tsunami inflicted damage to the popular resort town of Ao Nang in Krabi Province. On 26 December 2004, at 07:58:53 local time (UTC+7), a major earthquake with a magnitude of 9.19.3 Mw struck with an epicentre off the west coast of northern Sumatra, Indonesia. On 9 February 2005, President Bush asked Congress to increase the U.S. commitment to a total of US$950 million. Video, Russian minister laughed at for Ukraine war claims, US-made cheese can be called 'gruyere' - court, AOC under investigation for Met Gala dress, The children left behind in Cuba's exodus, Saving Private Ryan actor Tom Sizemore dies at 61, Alex Murdaugh's legal troubles are far from over, Sonic boom heard as RAF Typhoon jets escort plane, Walkie Talkie architect Rafael Violy dies aged 78, Nelson's 97th-minute stunner gives Arsenal victory. The earthquake registered 9.1-9.3 M w and was the largest in five decades. A great deal of humanitarian aid was needed because of widespread damage to the infrastructure, shortages of food and water, and economic damage. [74][72] Waves measured on the east coast ranged from 4.59m (1530ft) at Pottuvill to Batticaloa at 2.65m (8ft 6in 16ft 5in) in the north-east around Trincomalee and 45m (1316ft) in the west coast from Moratuwa to Ambalangoda. It has been 10 years since the Indian Ocean tsunami and earthquake devastated . 165184. In addition to a large number of local residents, up to 9,000 foreign tourists (mostly Europeans) enjoying the peak holiday travel season were among the dead or missing, especially people from the Nordic countries. There were no tsunami warning systems in the Indian Ocean to detect tsunamis or to warn the general population living around the ocean. That's when I realised something serious had happened. The province of Phang Nga was the most affected area in Thailand. Several thousand non-Asian tourists vacationing in the region also were reported dead or missing. Officials estimated that billions of dollars would be needed. July 1, 2022 by by How many people died in the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004? [156] The announcement generated panic in the Indian Ocean region and caused thousands to flee their homes, which resulted in jammed roads. A series of huge waves triggered by an earthquake killed more than 230,000 people in 14 countries. [124], The main effect was caused by poisoning of the freshwater supplies and of the soil by saltwater infiltration and a deposit of a salt layer over arable land. Many people who survived the first wave may have gone to the shore to help others or check on their property, not knowing that a tsunami can be multiple waves spaced many minutes to 1 or 2 hours apart. Answer:Foreigners from 38 nations were killed by the waves that struck southern Thailand. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. This is the craziest video I've seen of the 2011 earthquake. Scientists had developed significant ecological expertise from work with the Great Barrier Reef, in Australia's northeastern waters. According to Oxfam, five million people were affected of which 1.7m were made homeless, half a million were injured and more than 230,000 were killed. [79][81][85] The tsunami varied in height from 2m (6.6ft) to 10m (33ft) based on survivors' accounts. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". I said the prayer into the microphone, so everyone could hear it. The second and third waves came in 10 minutes intervals after the first wave. There was 10m (33ft) movement laterally and 45m (1316ft) vertically along the fault line. However, this was proven untrue. [58] John Chroston, a biology teacher from Scotland, also recognised the signs at Kamala Bay north of Phuket, taking a busload of vacationers and locals to safety on higher ground. The film is called The Impossible and is based on the account of Maria Belton, a survivor of the Boxing Day tsunami in 2004. What is the tallest tsunami ever recorded? On the island of Pulau Weh, strong surges were experienced in the port of Sabang, yet there was little damage with reported runup values of 35m (9.816.4ft), most likely due to the island being sheltered from the direct attack by the islands to the south-west. [142], The last major tsunami in the Indian Ocean was about A.D. The eastern shores of Sri Lanka were the hardest hit since it faced the epicentre of the earthquake, while the southwestern shores were hit later, but the death toll was just as severe. She and her parents warned others on the beach, which was evacuated safely. In Myanmar, the tsunami caused only moderate damage, which arrived between 2 and 5.5 hours after the earthquake. The slip did not happen instantaneously but took place in two phases over several minutes: [28] The earthquake produced its own aftershocks (some registering a magnitude of as high as 6.1) and presently ranks as the third-largest earthquake ever recorded on the moment magnitude or Richter magnitude scale. Its best to be on the landward side of the house, away from windows. Edie Fassnidge lost both her mother and sister in the tsunami. Levels remained relatively low for some years. By 19:00, hundreds of dead bodies start to arrive. Almost all of the Onge people seemed to have survived the tsunami. In Indonesias Aceh province in Northern Sumatra, waves reached 167 feet (51 meters) and caused flooding up to three miles (five kilometers) inland. The maximum inundation limit due to tsunami water was about 500m (1,600ft). After the tsunami, there was some concern that the country might be submerged entirely and become uninhabitable. [105] Sweden was the European country most severely affected both in absolute numbers, and by a wide margin when considered in relation to the country's population, with a death toll of 543. Coasts that have a landmass between them and the tsunami's location of origin are usually safe; however, tsunami waves can sometimes diffract around such landmasses. Around 289 fatalities were reported in the Horn of Africa, drowned by four tsunami waves. Many soldiers have fought in and survived warseven being POWs on different occasionsbut some had to endure it more than once. [17] Although the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center has accepted these new numbers, the United States Geological Survey has, as of 2022, so far not changed its estimate of 9.1. Others have said that Allah was angry that Muslims were killing each other in an ongoing conflict. About 600 pilgrims died. I was shocked and worried since my son had gone to work in Khao Lak [on the mainland coast north of Phuket]. The surface waves can be clearly seen to reinforce near the antipode (with the closest seismic stations in Ecuador), and to subsequently encircle the planet to return to the epicentral region after about 200 minutes. [15] The plight of the affected people and countries prompted a worldwide humanitarian response, with donations totalling more than US$14 billion. A series of huge waves triggered by an earthquake killed more than 230,000 people in 14 countries. The military started to bring in containers to keep the bodies in. By February 2005, the earthquake's effects were still detectable as a 20m (0.02mm; 0.0008in) complex harmonic oscillation of the Earth's surface, which gradually diminished and merged with the incessant free oscillation of the Earth more than four months after the earthquake.[37]. The waves radiated outwards along the entire 1,600km (1,000mi) length of the rupture (acting as a line source). In February 2005, scientists revised the estimate of the magnitude to 9.0. Lituya Bay, Alaska, July 9, 1958 Documentation of the impact of tsunami on people has not been properly carried out in many places. Because of the distances involved, the tsunami took anywhere from fifteen minutes to seven hours to reach the coastlines. [170] Many charities were given considerable donations from the public. Other footage showed the tsunami dramatically crashed into the Vivekananda Rock Memorial. The most devastating and deadliest tsunami was one in the Indian Ocean on Boxing Day, 2004.The tsunami was the most lethal ever to have occurred, with a death toll that reached a staggering figure of over 230,000, affecting people in 14 countries - with Indonesia hit worst, followed by Sri Lanka, India, and Thailand. He told me: 'This can't be good.'. What is the deadliest tsunami ever recorded? Eyewitnesses described the tsunami as a "black giant", "mountain" and a "wall of water". What is the deadliest tsunami in history? In Yemen, the tsunami killed two people with a maximum runup of 2m (6.6ft). In fact, the largest tsunami wave ever recorded broke on a cool July night in 1958 and only claimed five lives. Where did the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami occur? In Xaafuun, small drawbacks were observed before the third and most powerful tsunami wave flooded the town. Of all the moment released by earthquakes in the 100 years from 1906 through 2005, roughly one eighth was due to the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake. How I Survived the Tsunami, 10 Meters Underwater. He was a painter and it was meant to be the last working day for him before a long break. [125], In addition to other forms of aid,[127] the Australian government sent ecological experts to help develop strategies for reef-monitoring and rehabilitation of marine environments and coral reefs in the Maldives, Seychelles and other areas. Due to close proximity to the earthquake, the tsunami took just minutes to devastate the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. [79][80][81][82], The tsunami runup height measured in mainland India by Ministry of Home Affairs includes:[82]. [34], The energy released on the Earth's surface (ME, which is the seismic potential for damage) by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake was estimated at 1.11017 joules (110PJ; 26Mt). Samran Chanyang - master of ceremonies and mortician at Yan Yao temple. Omissions? He was trapped and died inside the building where he was. I contacted my friend who was in the navy and he told me it was a tsunami. Video footage revealed torrents of black water, surging by windows of a two-story residential area situated about 3.2 km (2.0 mi) inland. Island folklore recounted an earthquake and tsunami in 1907, and the islanders fled to inland hills after the initial shaking and before the tsunami struck. All I saw were dead bodies floating in the water. Ten years after the disaster in Southeast Asia, psychologist and veteran diver Yossi Hasson recalls the event that changed his life, and discusses it in writing for the first time. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. . Video footage revealed torrents of black water, surging by windows of a two-story residential area situated about 3.2km (2.0mi) inland. In deep ocean water, tsunami waves form only a low, broad hump, barely noticeable and harmless, which generally travels at high speed of 500 to 1,000km/h (310 to 620mph); in shallow water near coastlines, a tsunami slows down to only tens of kilometres per hour but, in doing so, forms large destructive waves. This is unusual since earthquakes of magnitude eight or more occur only about once per year on average. Located about 500km (310mi) from the epicentre, at the time, the region was popular with tourists because of Christmas. Before the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami reached Sri Lanka, many animals, like this elephant, moved to high ground and survived. Major locations damaged included the western shores of Phuket island, the resort town of Khao Lak in Phang Nga Province, the coastal provinces of Krabi, Satun, Ranong and Trang and small offshore islands like Ko Racha Yai, the Phi Phi islands, the Surin Islands and the Similan archipelago. Several near-shore establishments and numerous infrastructures such as seawalls and a 20 MW diesel-generated power plant at Bamboo Flat were destroyed. [84] Rescue teams extricated more than 400 bodies from the sand and rocks in the vicinity and large number of unidentified bodies were buried in mass graves. [82] Velankanni a sea shore town with a Catholic Basilica and a popular pilgrimage destination was also one of the worst hit by this tsunami that struck at around 9.30 am on that Sunday, when pilgrims who were mostly from Kerala among others were inside the church attending the Malayalam Mass. One of the few coastal areas to evacuate ahead of the tsunami was on the Indonesian island of Simeulue, close to the epicentre. There were no tsunami warning systems in the Indian Ocean to detect tsunamis or to warn the general population living around the ocean. Find a sturdy building and head for the roof. Eyewitnesses described the tsunami as a "black giant", "mountain" and a "wall of water". Rahmat Saiful Bahri survived the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004 that swept over Indonesias Aceh province. "Environmental Issues Emerging from Wreckage of Asian Tsunami", "United Nations Environment Programme; Environment for Development", "Many mangrove restorations fail. What was the location of the earthquake that caused the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004? [72] In Sri Lanka, the civilian casualties were second only to those in Indonesia, with approximately 35,000 killed. Dont count on it being over after the first wave the first wave may not even be the biggest. [135][136] In Sri Lanka, artisanal fishery, in which the use of fish baskets, fishing traps, and spears are commonly used, is an important source of fish for local markets; industrial fishery is the major economic activity, providing direct employment to about 250,000 people. [67] The second wave was the largest; it came from the west-southwest within five minutes of the first wave. Despite a delay of up to several hours between the earthquake and the impact of the tsunami, nearly all of the victims were taken by surprise. This rare sight reportedly induced people, especially children, to visit the coast to investigate and collect stranded fish on as much as 2.5km (1.6mi) of exposed beach, with fatal results. However, the public health risks may have been exaggerated, and therefore this may not have been the best way to allocate resources. It was the result of an earthquake off the coast of Sumatra that took around 230,000 lives across fourteen countries. Despite its proximity to the incident, Malaysia escaped the kind of damage that struck countries thousands of miles further away (most of its western coast is shielded by Sumatra). The waves arrived around noon local time.[94]. Here are a few of the planets most endangered animals who we may have to say good-bye to in 2015: 1) Amur leopard. The earthquake was the third-most-powerful earthquake recorded since 1900. However, the huge demand has led to lower quality in the process, and some important materials were sacrificed to cut prices for those who were impoverished by the tsunami. Sue and Robert Kennedy, who had been holidaying in Thailand, lost their lives in the horrific 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami on Boxing Day. The momentum of the water displaced by tectonic uplift had also dragged massive slabs of rock, each weighing millions of tonnes, as far as 10km (6mi) across the seabed. [19], The hypocentre of the main earthquake was approximately 160km (100mi) off the western coast of northern Sumatra, in the Indian Ocean just north of Simeulue island at a depth of 30km (19mi) below mean sea level (initially reported as 10km or 6.2mi). 12/22/14 AT 2:45 PM GMT. 250,000 people survived the 2004 Sumatra Tsunami. Thousands of rice, mango, and banana plantations in Sri Lanka were destroyed almost entirely and will take years to recover. Dont count on roads holding up. The Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004 lasted for seven hours and reached out across the Indian Ocean, devastating coastal areas of Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, Maldives, and Thailand, and as far away as East Africa. [31], The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake is thought to have triggered activity in both Leuser Mountain[32] and Mount Talang,[33] volcanoes in Aceh along the same range of peaks, while the 2005 NiasSimeulue earthquake had sparked activity in Lake Toba, an ancient crater in Sumatra. [147] The deadliest tsunami before 2004 was Italy's 1908 Messina earthquake on the Mediterranean Sea where the earthquake and tsunami killed about 123,000. Thus, the state of Kerala was hit by the tsunami despite being on the western coast of India, and the western coast of Sri Lanka suffered substantial impacts. The tsunami reached a run-up of 1020m (3366ft) on the western shorelines of Breueh Island and Nasi Island. Along the coast of Tamil Nadu, the 13km (8.1mi) Marina Beach in Chennai was battered by the tsunami which swept across the beach taking morning walkers unaware. How big was the tsunami that killed the dinosaurs? the earthquake and subsequent tsunami had killed more than 220,000 people . In the Maldives, 16 to 17 coral reef atolls that were overcome by sea waves are without fresh water and could be rendered uninhabitable for decades. The tsunami arrived approximately 2 hours after the earthquake. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The impact of the waves was so severe that four oil tankers were thrown almost 800m (2,600ft) from the seashore near Malacca to the Air force colony main gate. This quickly elevated the height and increased the speed of waves, destroying the nearby Indonesian town of Lhoknga. [87][88][89] The significant shielding of Port Blair and Campbell Bay by steep mountainous outcrops contributed to the relatively low wave heights at these locations, whereas the open terrain along the eastern coast at Malacca and Hut Bay contributed to the great height of the tsunami waves.[88][90]. Many of these tourists were caught off-guard by the tsunami, as they had no prior warning. Also Know, how did people die in the 2004 tsunami? Sri Lanka reported that it had received no foreign government aid, while foreign individuals had been generous. [21], Indonesia lies between the Pacific Ring of Fire along the north-eastern islands adjacent to New Guinea, and the Alpide belt that runs along the south and west from Sumatra, Java, Bali, Flores to Timor. [129] UNEP established an emergency fund, set up a Task Force to respond to requests for assistance from countries affected by the tsunami, and was able to mobilize and distribute approximately US$9.3 million for environmental recovery and disaster risk reduction between 2004 and 2007. Are there tsunami warning systems in the Indian Ocean? The Andaman and Nicobar Islands appear to have shifted south-west by around 1.25m (4ft 1in) and to have sunk by 1m (3ft 3in). 26. That morning on Patong beach was very quiet. One of the few coastal areas to evacuate ahead of the tsunami was on the Indonesian island of Simeulue, close to the epicentre. Just clear tips and lifehacks for every day. Earthquake and subsequent tsunami in the Indian Ocean, Campbell, Matthew; Loveard, Keith; et al. The tsunami reached the states of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu along the southeastern coastline of the Indian mainland about 2 hours after the earthquake. The sea was observed to rise suddenly before the onset of the first wave. The size of a tsunami depends on where it originated, the geometry of the seafloor, and the orientation of the coastline. The hospital director asked me to go to help implant microchips into the dead bodies as requested by the forensic police. It inundated five square miles of land and cleared hundreds of thousands of trees. It does not store any personal data. The tsunami moved counter-clockwise around Phuket Island, as was the case at Okushiri Island in the 1993 Hokkaido earthquake.